Sending mail from command line using mutt

Sometimes you just don’t have the patience to open a GUI. Imagine you are working on a terminal remotely through a very feeble internet connection and after hours of data wrangling you got your results in one small package. Now all you want is to email this 200kb document (average size of a 20k word .txt document). You can either load a GUI, open a browser, open gmail (the login page itself is 2MB), attach the file and send the email or just execute a one line command which does everything for you. With some minimal setup you can do the latter – sending email via CLI just like any other shell command. You can even include this in your scripts (send mail when the script finishes running etc).

We will do this using a terminal program called “mutt” which also has a brilliant CLI interface and will configure it to use gmail via imap. First step is to install mutt using a package manager, (apt/ yum/ pacman for linux and brew for macosx). I am doing this in Arch with pacman. I am installing mutt and smtp-forwarder and then create necessary folders and files for mutt.

sudo paman -S mutt smtp-forwarder
mkdir -p ~/.mutt/cache/headers
mkdir ~/.mutt/cache/bodies
touch ~/.mutt/certificates
touch ~/.mutt/muttrc

Edit the muttrc file with your favourite text editor and add these configurations, (make sure to change the username to your username and if your are using two factor authentication with gmail the password has to be generated from App passwords.

set ssl_starttls=yes
set ssl_force_tls=yes
set imap_user = 'username@gmail.com'
set imap_pass = 'yourpassword'
set from= 'username@gmail.com'
set realname='yourname'
set folder = imaps://imap.gmail.com/
set spoolfile = imaps://imap.gmail.com/INBOX
set postponed="imaps://imap.gmail.com/[Gmail]/Drafts"
set header_cache = "~/.mutt/cache/headers"
set message_cachedir = "~/.mutt/cache/bodies"
set certificate_file = "~/.mutt/certificates"
set smtp_url = 'smtps://username@smtp.gmail.com:465/'
set imap_pass = 'yourpassword'
set move = no
set imap_keepalive = 900
set editor = vim
bind pager j next-line
bind pager k previous-line
set sort = threads
set sort_aux = reverse-date-sent
unset imap_passive
set imap_check_subscribed
set mail_check=60
set timeout=10

That is it! Now we can send mail from terminal by just passing some text or a file with the text to the mutt command,

echo "email body"  | mutt -s "email-subject" -- recipient@gmail.com
mutt -s "email-subject" -- recipient@gmail.com <  file_with_body_text.txt

we can even attach files like this,

echo "please find attached"  | mutt -s "email-subject" -a "attachment.pdf" -- recipient@gmail.com

 

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